Emission Reduction Units (ERUs) are associated with which international agreement?

Emission Reduction Units (ERUs) are a key component of the Kyoto Protocol, which was established to create a framework for reducing greenhouse gas emissions globally. The Kyoto Protocol introduced market-based mechanisms, including the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) and Joint Implementation (JI), allowing countries to achieve their emission reduction targets more flexibly.

ERUs are generated through Joint Implementation projects, which allow one country to invest in emission reduction projects in another country and receive credits for the reductions achieved. This mechanism is designed to encourage investment in sustainable practices and technology transfer between developed and developing nations, making it possible for countries to meet their commitments under the protocol more efficiently.

The other options reference significant environmental agreements but do not specifically relate to the mechanism of Emission Reduction Units. The Paris Agreement focuses on a broader and more flexible framework for combating climate change, while the Rio Declaration set the agenda for sustainable development, and the Brussels Convention mainly deals with international cooperation on environmental matters but lacks the emission reduction mechanisms explicitly linked to ERUs.