The Clean Development Mechanism is associated with which international climate protocol?

The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is specifically associated with the Kyoto Protocol, which was established in 1997 and came into force in 2005. Under the Kyoto Protocol, the CDM was created as a market-based mechanism to assist developed countries in meeting their greenhouse gas emission reduction targets by allowing them to invest in emission reduction projects in developing countries. This arrangement not only provides a way for developed countries to achieve compliance with their targets cost-effectively but also promotes sustainable development in the host countries by financing climate-friendly projects.

In contrast, the other options represent different agreements and frameworks that have different focuses and mechanisms. The Copenhagen Accord aimed to enhance international efforts to combat climate change but did not establish a formal mechanism like the CDM. The Paris Agreement, concluded in 2015, focuses on broader international climate goals and commitments but introduced new mechanisms rather than restructuring the CDM. The Rio Earth Summit (1992) primarily focused on sustainable development and introduced the concept of sustainable development goals, which is a different context from the specific mechanisms established under the Kyoto Protocol.