Which of the following is NOT a category of ecosystem services identified by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment?

The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment identifies four main categories of ecosystem services: provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting services. Provisioning services refer to the tangible products provided by ecosystems, such as food, water, and raw materials. Regulating services encompass the benefits obtained from the regulation of ecosystem processes, including climate regulation, flood control, and water purification. Cultural services relate to the non-material benefits people obtain from ecosystems, including recreational, aesthetic, and spiritual enrichment.

The term "cosmetic" is not recognized as a valid category within this framework. While ecosystem services can have aesthetic components (which might fall under cultural services), "cosmetic" implies a narrower focus on appearances rather than the broader benefits ecosystems provide. Thus, this choice does not align with the established categories of ecosystem services outlined by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment.