Which term refers to inputs and reservoirs that impact a system?

The term that refers to inputs and reservoirs that impact a system is "sources and sinks." In the context of system theory and information systems, sources are entities or components that provide inputs to the system, such as data, resources, or energy. Sinks are the outputs or reservoirs that absorb those inputs, impacting the operation and performance of the system.

Understanding the concept of sources and sinks is crucial in establishing how a system interacts with its environment. This interaction influences the behavior, functionality, and overall effectiveness of the system. For example, in an information system, data inputs from users can be considered a source, while storage systems or databases act as sinks where this data is held for processing.

Other terms like "external forces" or "operational parameters" do describe influences on a system but are more general and do not specifically categorize the interactions into input and output dynamics. "System boundaries" refers to the limits that define what is included in the system and what is external to it, focusing more on scope rather than the nature of inputs and outputs. Therefore, "sources and sinks" appropriately captures the idea of inputs and reservoirs that directly influence a system's operations.